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'''Flashrom''' is a utility which can be used to detect, read, erase, or write BIOS chips (DIP, PLCC, SPI).
{{DISPLAYTITLE:flashrom}}<!-- it is called flashrom after all. -->
<table width="100%" valign="top"><tr valign="top"><td width="80%">


== Supported devices ==
<div style="margin-top:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em; background-color:#eeeeee; align:right; border:1px solid #aabbcc;">
'''flashrom''' is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices.
<small>
* Supports more than 476 flash chips, 291 chipsets, 500 mainboards, 79 PCI devices, 17 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers.
* Supports [[Technology#Communication_bus_protocol|parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI]] flash interfaces and various chip packages ([[Technology#DIP32:_Dual_In-line_Package.2C_32_pins|DIP32]], [[Technology#PLCC32:_Plastic_Leaded_Chip_Carrier.2C_32_pins|PLCC32]], [[Technology#DIP8:_Dual_In-line_Package.2C_8_pins|DIP8]], [[Technology#SO8.2FSOIC8:_Small-Outline_Integrated_Circuit.2C_8_pins|SO8/SOIC8]], [[Technology#TSOP:_Thin_Small-Outline_Package.2C_32.2C_40.2C_or_48_pins|TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48]], [[Technology#BGA:_Ball_Grid_Array|BGA]] and more)
* No physical access needed, root access is sufficient (not needed for some programmers).
* No bootable floppy disk, bootable CD-ROM or other media needed.
* No keyboard or monitor needed. Simply reflash remotely via SSH.
* No instant reboot needed. Reflash your chip in a running system, verify it, be happy. The new firmware will be present next time you boot.
* Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.
* '''Scriptability'''. Reflash a whole pool of identical machines at the same time from the command line. It is recommended to check flashrom output and error codes.
* '''Speed'''. flashrom is often much faster than most vendor flash tools.
* '''Portability'''. Supports DOS, Linux, FreeBSD (including Debian/kFreeBSD), NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, anything Solaris-like, Mac OS X, and other Unix-like OSes as well as GNU Hurd. Partial Windows support is available (no internal programmer support at the moment, hence no "BIOS flashing").
</small>
</div>


Note: There are probably some flash ROM chips which are compatible to the ones listed below.
<div style="margin-top:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em; background-color:#ff6666; align:right; border:1px solid #000000;">
=== Emergency help ===


{| border="0" valign="top"
'''IMPORTANT:''' If something went wrong during flashing, do '''NOT''' turn off/reboot your computer. Instead, let us help you recover. We can be contacted via [[Contact#IRC|IRC]] ('''#flashrom''' on [irc://irc.libera.chat/#flashrom libera.chat], [https://web.libera.chat/#flashrom webchat]) or [[Contact#Mailing_List|email]]. Please allow for a few hours until someone responds on IRC, we're all volunteers.
| valign="top"|
</div>


{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
{| cellspacing=5 cellpadding=15 border=0 valign="top" width=100%
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
| width=50% style="vertical-align:top"|
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Flash part
! align="left" colspan="4" | Status


|- bgcolor="#6699ff"
{|
| colspan="2" | &nbsp;
|style="vertical-align:top"|
| Probe
X
| Read
|style="vertical-align:top"|
| Write
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">About</span>'''<br /><small>Find out more about flashrom.</small><small><hr />[[News]] | [[Press]] | [[Testimonials]] | [[History]] | [[Friendliness]] | Follow us on [https://twitter.com/flashrom_org Twitter] | [https://www.openhub.net/p/flashrom Open Hub] statistics</small>
| Erase
|}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| Am29F002(N)BB
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| Am29F002(N)BT
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| Am29F040B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| Am29LV040B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| Am29F016D
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMIC
| A25L40P
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMIC
| A29002B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMIC
| A29002T
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMIC
| A29040B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMIC
| A49LF040A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASD
| AE49F2008
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT25DF321
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT29C040A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT29C020
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT49F002(N)
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT49F002(N)T
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| EON
| EN29F002(A)(N)T
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| EON
| EN29F002(A)(N)B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| EMST
| F49B002UA
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Fujitsu
| MBM29F400TC
| {{OK}}<sup>5</sup>
| {{OK}}<sup>5</sup>
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;
| 82802AB
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;
| 82802AC
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Macronix
| MX29F002
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Macronix
| MX29F002
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Macronix
| MX25L4005
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Macronix
| MX25L8005
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Macronix
| MX25L3205
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm49FL002
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm49FL004
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV512
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV010
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV020
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV040
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV080B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| Pm25LV016B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Sharp
| LHF00L04
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}


|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
|style="vertical-align:top"|
| Spansion
| S25FL016A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}


{|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
X
|style="vertical-align:top"|
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Developers</span>'''<br /><small>Get involved! Help us make flashrom better.</small><small><hr />[[Development Guidelines]] | [https://review.coreboot.org/plugins/gitiles/flashrom/+/refs/heads/master Browse Source] | [https://review.coreboot.org/#/q/project:flashrom Pending patches] | [[Technology]] | [[Random notes]] | [[Easy projects]] | [[Board Testing HOWTO]] | [[Board Enable]] | [http://docs.google.com/document/d/18qKvEbfPszjsJJGJhwi8kRVDUG3GZkADzQSH6WFsKqw/ Meeting notes] | [[Windows]] | [[libflashrom]] | [[https://www.flashrom.org/GSoC Google Summer of Code]]</small>
|}
|}


| valign="top"|
|-
| width=50% style="vertical-align:top"|


{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
{|
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
|style="vertical-align:top"|
! align="left" | Vendor
X
! align="left" | Flash part
|style="vertical-align:top"|
! align="left" colspan="4" | Status
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Getting Started</span>'''<br /><small>Download flashrom and get started.</small><small><hr />[[Latest release]] | [[Supported hardware]] | [[Downloads]] | [[Documentation]] | [[Live CD]] | [[qflashrom]]</small>
 
|- bgcolor="#6699ff"
| colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| Probe
| Read
| Write
| Erase
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST25VF040B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST25VF016B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST29EE010A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST29EE020A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST28SF040A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39SF010A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39SF020A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39SF020
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39SF040
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39VF020
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST39VF040
| {{OK}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF040B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF040
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF020A
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF080A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF002A/B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF003A/B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF004A/B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF008A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF004C
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF008C
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF016C
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST49LF160C
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|}
|}


| valign="top"|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
 
{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Flash part
! align="left" colspan="4" | Status
 
|- bgcolor="#6699ff"
| colspan="2" | &nbsp;
| Probe
| Read
| Write
| Erase
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M25P32
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FLW040A
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FLW040B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FLW080A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FLW080B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FW040
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FW080
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50FW016
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M50LPW116
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29F002B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29F002T
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29F002NT
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29F400BT
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29F040B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29W010B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| M29W040B
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51001T/B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51002T/B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51004T/B
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C31004T
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
| {{?2}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29C011
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29C020C
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29C040P
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29EE011
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49F002U
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49V002A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49V002FA
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040FA
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040A
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040B
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040C
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V080A
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V080FA
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W25x10
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W25x20
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W25x40
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W25x80
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}
| {{OK}}


|}
{|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
X
|style="vertical-align:top"|
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Support</span>'''<br /><small>Learn how to contact us and find help and support.</small><small><hr />[[FAQ]] | [[Contact]]  | [[Donations]] </small>
|}
|}


== Supported chipsets ==
{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller"
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Southbridge
! align="left" | Status
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ALi
| M1533
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| AMD
| Geode&trade;&nbsp;CS5530/CS5530A
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| AMD
| Geode&trade;&nbsp;SC1100
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| AMD
| AMD-8111
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ATI
| SB400
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Broadcom
| HT-1000
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| ICH*
| {{OK}}<sup>1</sup>
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| 6300ESB
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| PIIX4/PIIX4E/PIIX4M
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| 440MX
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| CK804
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| MCP51
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| MCP55
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SiS
| 630
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SiS
| 5595
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| CX700
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8231
| {{?}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8235
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8237
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8237S
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT82C686
| {{?}}
|}
|}
 
</td><td width="20%">
<!--
[[File:Flash-BGA.jpg|center|thumb|Flash chip in BGA package.]]
<br clear=all />
-->
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:120%">[[News]]</span>'''<hr />
<small>
<small>
<sup>1</sup> This includes the ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH2-M, ICH3-S, ICH3-M, ICH4/ICH4-L, ICH4-M, ICH5/ICH5R, ICH6/ICH6R, ICH6-M, ICH7DH, ICH7/ICH7R, ICH7M, ICH7MDH, ICH8/ICH8R, ICH8M-E, ICH8DH, ICH8DO, ICH8M, ICH9DH, ICH9DO, ICH9R, ICH9M-E, ICH9, ICH9M chipsets.<br />
* '''2023-02-08:''' [[Flashrom/1.3|flashrom 1.3 released]]
* '''2022-03-08:''' flashrom participates in [[GSoC]]
* '''2020-02-16:''' [[Flashrom/1.2|flashrom 1.2 released]]
* '''2019-06-22:''' [[Flashrom/1.1|flashrom 1.1 released]]
* '''2019-03-30:''' [[Flashrom/1.0.1|flashrom 1.0.1 released]]
* '''2018-01-02:''' [[Flashrom/1.0|flashrom 1.0 released]]
* '''2016-03-13:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.9|flashrom 0.9.9 released]]
* '''2015-03-01:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.8|flashrom 0.9.8 released]]
* '''2013-08-14:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.7|flashrom 0.9.7 released]]
* '''2013-04-08:''' flashrom participates in [[GSoC]]
* '''2012-08-08:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.6|flashrom 0.9.6.1 released]]
</small>
</small>


== Supported mainboards ==
<!--
 
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:120%">[[Current events|Upcoming Events]]</span>'''<hr />
This is a list of mainboards where we have verified that they either do or do not need any special initialization to make flashrom work (given flashrom supports the respective southbridge and ROM chip), or that they do not yet work at all. If they do not work, support may or may not be added later.
-->
 
<!-- List of upcoming events (remove events after they have taken place). -->
Mainboards which don't appear in the list may or may not work (we don't know, someone has to give it a try). Please report any further verified mainboards on the mailinglist or add them here directly.
 
{| border="0" valign="top"
| valign="top"|
 
'''Known-good'''
 
{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Mainboard
! align="left" | Status
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Advantech
| [http://taiwan.advantech.com.tw/products/Model_Detail.asp?model_id=1-1TGZL8&BU=ACG&PD= PCM-5820]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ASI
| [http://www.hojerteknik.com/winnet.htm MB-5BLMP]<sup>1</sup>
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=15&l3=171&l4=0&model=455&modelmenu=2 A8N-E]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.hardwareschotte.de/hardware/preise/proid_1266090/preis_ASUS+A8NE-FM A8NE-FM/S]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=15&l3=148&l4=0&model=539&modelmenu=1 A8N-SLI Premium]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=15&l3=143&l4=0&model=376&modelmenu=1 A8V-E Deluxe]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=101&l3=496&l4=0&model=1568&modelmenu=1 M2A-VM]
| {{OK}}<sup>4</sup>
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.motherboard.cz/mb/asus/P2B.htm P2B]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.motherboard.cz/mb/asus/P2B-F.htm P2B-F]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=13&l3=63&l4=0&model=228&modelmenu=1 A7V400-MX]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=13&l3=64&l4=0&model=229&modelmenu=1 A7V8X-MX]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.ciao.co.uk/ASUS_Intel_845D_Chipset_P4B266__5409807#productdetail P4B266]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.asus.com.tw/products.aspx?l1=3&l2=15&l3=143&l4=0&model=576&modelmenu=1 A8V-E SE]
| {{OK}}<sup>6</sup>
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| A-Trend
| [http://www.motherboard.cz/mb/atrend/atc6220.htm ATC-6220]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| BCOM
| [[BCOM WINNET100 Build Tutorial|WinNET100]]<sup>5</sup>
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| GIGABYTE
| [http://www.gigabyte.com.tw/Products/Motherboard/Products_Spec.aspx?ClassValue=Motherboard&ProductID=1445&ProductName=GA-6BXC GA-6BXC]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| MSI
| KT4V
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PC Engines
| [http://pcengines.ch/alix1c.htm Alix.1c]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PC Engines
| [http://pcengines.ch/alix2c2.htm Alix.2c2]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PC Engines
| [http://pcengines.ch/alix2c3.htm Alix.2c3]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PC Engines
| [http://pcengines.ch/alix3c3.htm Alix.3c3]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| RCA
| [http://www.settoplinux.org RM4100]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Thomson
| [http://www.settoplinux.org IP1000]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/archive/products/html/tsunamiatx.html S1846]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/archive/products/html/tomcatk7m.html S2498 (Tomcat K7M)]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=115 S2881]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=121 S2882]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=127 S2882-D]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=181 S3095]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=456 S5180]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=343 S5191]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=349 S5197]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=591 S5211]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=593 S5211-1U]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=597 S5220]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=566 S5375]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=610 S5375-1U]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=605 S5376G2NR/S5376WAG2NR]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor=#eeeeee valign=top
| Tyan
| [http://www.tyan.com/product_board_detail.aspx?pid=601 S5377]
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=81 EPIA-M]
| {{OK}}<sup>2</sup>
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=202 EPIA-MII]
| {{OK}}<sup>2</sup>
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=400 EPIA-CN]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=473 EPIA-LN]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=490 VB700X]
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| [http://www.via.com.tw/en/products/mainboards/motherboards.jsp?motherboard_id=590 NAB74X0]
| {{OK}}
|}
 
| valign="top"|
 
'''Known-good (but special setup required)'''
 
{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller"
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Mainboard
! align="left" | Required option
! align="left" | Status
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Acorp
| [http://www.digit-life.com/articles/i815epacorp6a815epd/index.html 6A815EPD]
| -m acorp:6a815epd
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ag&aacute;mi
| [http://agami.com/products/AIS6000/ Aruma/AIS6000]
| -m AGAMI:ARUMA
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Artec Group
| [http://www.artecgroup.com/thincan/models.html DBE61]
| -m artecgroup:dbe61
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Artec Group
| [http://www.artecgroup.com/thincan/models.html DBE62]
| -m artecgroup:dbe62
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ASUS
| [http://www.hardwarezone.com/reviews/mb/p5a/p5a.htm P5A]
| -m asus:p5a
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| EPoX
| [http://www.epox.com/usa/product.asp?ID=EP-BX3 EP-BX3]
| -m epox:ep-bx3
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| IBM
| [http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/x/rack/x3455/ x3455]
| -m ibm:x3455
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| GIGABYTE
| [http://www.gigabyte.com.tw/Products/Motherboard/Products_Overview.aspx?ProductID=2287&ModelName=GA-M57SLI-S4 GA-M57SLI-S4]
| -m gigabyte:m57sli
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| GIGABYTE
| [http://www.gigabyte.com.tw/Products/Motherboard/Products_Overview.aspx?ProductID=2434 GA-M61P-S3]
| -m gigabyte:m61p
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| IWILL
| [http://web.archive.org/web/20060507170150/http://www.iwill.net/product_2.asp?p_id=98 DK8-HTX]
| -m iwill:dk8_htx
| {{OK}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| MSI
| [http://global.msi.com.tw/index.php?func=proddesc&prod_no=170&maincat_no=1 K8N Neo3]
| -m msi:k8n-neo3
| {{OK}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| MSI
| [http://www.msicomputer.com/product/detail_spec/product_detail.asp?model=KT3_Ultra2 KT3 Ultra2]
| -m msi:kt4v
| {{OK}}
 
|}
 
 
| valign="top"|
 
'''Known-bad'''
 
{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Mainboard
! align="left" | Status
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ASUS
| MEW-AM
| {{No}}
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ASUS
| MEW-VM
| {{No}}
 
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Biostar
| [ftp://ftp.biostar-usa.com/manuals/M6TBA/ M6TBA]
| {{No}}
 
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| MSI
| [http://global.msi.com.tw/index.php?func=proddesc&prod_no=255&maincat_no=1 MS-7260 (K9N Neo)]
| style="background:yellow" | SEMI-SUPPORTED<sup>3</sup>
 
|}
 
|}
 
<small>
<small>
<sup>1</sup> Used in the IGEL WinNET III thin client.<br />
<!-- * '''2009/mon/day:''' coreboot event at [[Link]] in somecity -->
<sup>2</sup> Might also work for other CLE266 based EPIAs.<br />
<!-- * '''2009/12/27:''' coreboot presentation at [http://events.ccc.de/congress/2009/ 26C3] in Berlin -->
<sup>3</sup> Interestingly flashrom does not work when the vendor BIOS is booted, but it ''does'' work flawlessly when the machine is booted with coreboot.<br />
<sup>4</sup> See http://www.coreboot.org/pipermail/coreboot/2007-September/025281.html.<br />
<sup>5</sup> Used in the IGEL-316 thin client.<br />
<sup>6</sup> See http://www.coreboot.org/pipermail/coreboot/2007-October/026496.html.<br />
</small>
</small>


== Installation ==
'''Requirements'''
Flashrom requires the '''pciutils''' and '''zlib''' and the respective development packages in order to be built.
In Debian unstable these development packages are called '''pciutils-dev'''/'''libpci-dev''' and '''zlib1g-dev'''. Most other distributions call them '''pciutils-devel''' and '''zlib-devel'''.
'''Manual Installation'''
$ svn co svn://coreboot.org/repos/trunk/util/flashrom
$ cd flashrom
$ make
$ sudo make install
'''Debian'''
$ sudo aptitude install flashrom
'''Fedora'''
$ sudo yum install flashrom
'''Mandriva'''
$ urpmi flashrom
'''openSUSE'''
$ yast -i coreboot-utils
For distributions older than openSUSE Factory (11.0) you find "backports" in the [http://packages.opensuse-community.org/index.jsp?searchTerm=coreboot-utils openSUSE Build Service].
'''Windows'''
There is a Windows port of the flashrom utility. Download the latest version at http://google-summer-of-code-2007-coresystems.googlecode.com/files/DarmawanMappatutu_Salihun.tar.gz
== Usage ==
Detect whether flashrom knows about your chipset/mainboard/BIOS chip:
$ flashrom
Read the current BIOS image into a file:
$ flashrom -r backup.bin
Write a BIOS image (proprietary or coreboot) on the ROM chip:
$ flashrom -wv newbios.bin
<div style="color: red">WARNING: This will overwrite your current BIOS! Make sure you know what you're doing!</div>
For more documentation please see the [http://tracker.coreboot.org/trac/coreboot/browser/trunk/util/flashrom/README flashrom README] or the manpage.
== Fully testing flashrom chip/southbridge/mainboard support ==
See [[Board Testing HOWTO#Flashrom|this page]] for instructions on how to test flashrom properly (this may be risky, make sure you have a working backup ROM chip).


== Flashrom Live CD ==
</td></tr></table>


[[Flashrom Live CD]]
__NOTOC__
__NOEDITSECTION__

Latest revision as of 22:05, 22 February 2023

flashrom is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices.

  • Supports more than 476 flash chips, 291 chipsets, 500 mainboards, 79 PCI devices, 17 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers.
  • Supports parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI flash interfaces and various chip packages (DIP32, PLCC32, DIP8, SO8/SOIC8, TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48, BGA and more)
  • No physical access needed, root access is sufficient (not needed for some programmers).
  • No bootable floppy disk, bootable CD-ROM or other media needed.
  • No keyboard or monitor needed. Simply reflash remotely via SSH.
  • No instant reboot needed. Reflash your chip in a running system, verify it, be happy. The new firmware will be present next time you boot.
  • Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.
  • Scriptability. Reflash a whole pool of identical machines at the same time from the command line. It is recommended to check flashrom output and error codes.
  • Speed. flashrom is often much faster than most vendor flash tools.
  • Portability. Supports DOS, Linux, FreeBSD (including Debian/kFreeBSD), NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, anything Solaris-like, Mac OS X, and other Unix-like OSes as well as GNU Hurd. Partial Windows support is available (no internal programmer support at the moment, hence no "BIOS flashing").

Emergency help

IMPORTANT: If something went wrong during flashing, do NOT turn off/reboot your computer. Instead, let us help you recover. We can be contacted via IRC (#flashrom on libera.chat, webchat) or email. Please allow for a few hours until someone responds on IRC, we're all volunteers.

X

About
Find out more about flashrom.
News | Press | Testimonials | History | Friendliness | Follow us on Twitter | Open Hub statistics

X

Developers
Get involved! Help us make flashrom better.
Development Guidelines | Browse Source | Pending patches | Technology | Random notes | Easy projects | Board Testing HOWTO | Board Enable | Meeting notes | Windows | libflashrom | [Google Summer of Code]

X

Getting Started
Download flashrom and get started.
Latest release | Supported hardware | Downloads | Documentation | Live CD | qflashrom

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Support
Learn how to contact us and find help and support.
FAQ | Contact | Donations
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