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'''Flashrom''' is a utility written for LinuxBIOS and maintained in the LinuxBIOS svn repository. It can be used to detect BIOS chips (DIP, PLCC), read their contents and write new contents on the chips ("flashing").
{{DISPLAYTITLE:flashrom}}<!-- it is called flashrom after all. -->
<table width="100%" valign="top"><tr valign="top"><td width="80%">


== Supported devices ==
<div style="margin-top:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em; background-color:#eeeeee; align:right; border:1px solid #aabbcc;">
'''flashrom''' is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices.
<small>
* Supports more than 476 flash chips, 291 chipsets, 500 mainboards, 79 PCI devices, 17 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers.
* Supports [[Technology#Communication_bus_protocol|parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI]] flash interfaces and various chip packages ([[Technology#DIP32:_Dual_In-line_Package.2C_32_pins|DIP32]], [[Technology#PLCC32:_Plastic_Leaded_Chip_Carrier.2C_32_pins|PLCC32]], [[Technology#DIP8:_Dual_In-line_Package.2C_8_pins|DIP8]], [[Technology#SO8.2FSOIC8:_Small-Outline_Integrated_Circuit.2C_8_pins|SO8/SOIC8]], [[Technology#TSOP:_Thin_Small-Outline_Package.2C_32.2C_40.2C_or_48_pins|TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48]], [[Technology#BGA:_Ball_Grid_Array|BGA]] and more)
* No physical access needed, root access is sufficient (not needed for some programmers).
* No bootable floppy disk, bootable CD-ROM or other media needed.
* No keyboard or monitor needed. Simply reflash remotely via SSH.
* No instant reboot needed. Reflash your chip in a running system, verify it, be happy. The new firmware will be present next time you boot.
* Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.
* '''Scriptability'''. Reflash a whole pool of identical machines at the same time from the command line. It is recommended to check flashrom output and error codes.
* '''Speed'''. flashrom is often much faster than most vendor flash tools.
* '''Portability'''. Supports DOS, Linux, FreeBSD (including Debian/kFreeBSD), NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, anything Solaris-like, Mac OS X, and other Unix-like OSes as well as GNU Hurd. Partial Windows support is available (no internal programmer support at the moment, hence no "BIOS flashing").
</small>
</div>
 
<div style="margin-top:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em; background-color:#ff6666; align:right; border:1px solid #000000;">
=== Emergency help ===


The LinuxBIOSv1 version of Flashrom ("flash_and_burn") only supported a very small number of devices. Always use the latest Flashrom version from LinuxBIOSv2!
'''IMPORTANT:''' If something went wrong during flashing, do '''NOT''' turn off/reboot your computer. Instead, let us help you recover. We can be contacted via [[Contact#IRC|IRC]] ('''#flashrom''' on [irc://irc.libera.chat/#flashrom libera.chat], [https://web.libera.chat/#flashrom webchat]) or [[Contact#Mailing_List|email]]. Please allow for a few hours until someone responds on IRC, we're all volunteers.
</div>


{| border="0" valign="top"
{| cellspacing=5 cellpadding=15 border=0 valign="top" width=100%
| valign="top"|
| width=50% style="vertical-align:top"|


'''Flash chips'''
{|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
X
|style="vertical-align:top"|
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">About</span>'''<br /><small>Find out more about flashrom.</small><small><hr />[[News]] | [[Press]] | [[Testimonials]] | [[History]] | [[Friendliness]] | Follow us on [https://twitter.com/flashrom_org Twitter] | [https://www.openhub.net/p/flashrom Open Hub] statistics</small>
|}


{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller" valign="top"
|style="vertical-align:top"|
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Flash part
! align="left" | Status


|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
{|
| AMD
|style="vertical-align:top"|
| AM-29F040B
X
| style="background:lime" | OK
|style="vertical-align:top"|
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Developers</span>'''<br /><small>Get involved! Help us make flashrom better.</small><small><hr />[[Development Guidelines]] | [https://review.coreboot.org/plugins/gitiles/flashrom/+/refs/heads/master Browse Source] | [https://review.coreboot.org/#/q/project:flashrom Pending patches] | [[Technology]] | [[Random notes]] | [[Easy projects]] | [[Board Testing HOWTO]] | [[Board Enable]] | [http://docs.google.com/document/d/18qKvEbfPszjsJJGJhwi8kRVDUG3GZkADzQSH6WFsKqw/ Meeting notes] | [[Windows]] | [[libflashrom]] | [[https://www.flashrom.org/GSoC Google Summer of Code]]</small>
| AMD
| AM-29F016D
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| ASD
| AE49F2008
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Atmel
| AT-29C040A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| EMST
| F49B002UA
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;(Firmware Hub)
| 82802AB
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;(Firmware Hub)
| 82802AC
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| M-Systems
| MD-2802
| style="background:yellow" | OK<sup>1</sup>
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| MX
| MX-29F002
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| PMC-49FL002
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| PMC
| PMC-49FL004
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Sharp
| LHF-00L04
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-29EE020A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-28SF040A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-39SF010A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-39SF020A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-39SF040
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-39VF020
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF040B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF040
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF020A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF080A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF002A/B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF003A/B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF004A/B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF008A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF004C
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF008C
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SST
| SST-49LF016C
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| ST-M29F400BT
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ST
| ST-M29F040B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51001T/B
| style="background:yellow" | OK<sup>4</sup>
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51002T/B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C51004T/B
| style="background:yellow" | OK<sup>4</sup>
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SyncMOS
| S29C31004T
| style="background:yellow" | OK<sup>4</sup>
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29C011
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W29C020C
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49F002U
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49V002A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W49V002FA
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040A
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| Winbond&trade;
| W39V040B
| style="background:lime" | OK
|}
|}


| valign="top"|
|-
| width=50% style="vertical-align:top"|


'''Southbridges'''
{|
|style="vertical-align:top"|
X
|style="vertical-align:top"|
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Getting Started</span>'''<br /><small>Download flashrom and get started.</small><small><hr />[[Latest release]] | [[Supported hardware]] | [[Downloads]] | [[Documentation]] | [[Live CD]] | [[qflashrom]]</small>
|}


{| border="0" style="font-size: smaller"
|style="vertical-align:top"|
|- bgcolor="#6699dd"
! align="left" | Vendor
! align="left" | Southbridge
! align="left" | Status


|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
{|
| AMD
|style="vertical-align:top"|
| CS5530
X
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|style="vertical-align:top"|
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:150%">Support</span>'''<br /><small>Learn how to contact us and find help and support.</small><small><hr />[[FAQ]] | [[Contact]]  | [[Donations]] </small>
| AMD
| Geode&trade;&nbsp;SC1100
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| AMD
| AMD-8111
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| ATI
| SB400
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| ICH<sup>2</sup>
| style="background:yellow" | OK<sup>3</sup>
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| Intel&reg;&nbsp;
| PIIX4/PIIX4E/PIIX4M
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| CK804
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| MCP51
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| NVIDIA
| MCP55
| style="background:lime" | OK
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SiS
| 630
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" valign="top"
| SiS
| 5595
| style="background:#eeeeee" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8231
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8235
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT8237
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|- bgcolor="#dddddd" valign="top"
| VIA
| VT82C686
| style="background:#dddddd" | ?
|}
|}


|}
|}
</td><td width="20%">
<!--
[[File:Flash-BGA.jpg|center|thumb|Flash chip in BGA package.]]
<br clear=all />
-->
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:120%">[[News]]</span>'''<hr />
<small>
* '''2023-02-08:''' [[Flashrom/1.3|flashrom 1.3 released]]
* '''2022-03-08:''' flashrom participates in [[GSoC]]
* '''2020-02-16:''' [[Flashrom/1.2|flashrom 1.2 released]]
* '''2019-06-22:''' [[Flashrom/1.1|flashrom 1.1 released]]
* '''2019-03-30:''' [[Flashrom/1.0.1|flashrom 1.0.1 released]]
* '''2018-01-02:''' [[Flashrom/1.0|flashrom 1.0 released]]
* '''2016-03-13:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.9|flashrom 0.9.9 released]]
* '''2015-03-01:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.8|flashrom 0.9.8 released]]
* '''2013-08-14:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.7|flashrom 0.9.7 released]]
* '''2013-04-08:''' flashrom participates in [[GSoC]]
* '''2012-08-08:''' [[Flashrom/0.9.6|flashrom 0.9.6.1 released]]
</small>


<!--
'''<span style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:120%">[[Current events|Upcoming Events]]</span>'''<hr />
-->
<!-- List of upcoming events (remove events after they have taken place). -->
<small>
<small>
<sup>1</sup> Unsupported, disabled by default.<br />
<!-- * '''2009/mon/day:''' coreboot event at [[Link]] in somecity -->
<sup>2</sup> This includes the ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH2-M, ICH3-S, ICH3-M, ICH4/ICH4-L, ICH4-M, ICH5/ICH5R, ICH6/ICH6R, ICH6-M, ICH7/ICH7R, ICH7M, ICH7MDH, ICH8/ICH8R, ICH8DH, and ICH8DO chipsets.<br />
<!-- * '''2009/12/27:''' coreboot presentation at [http://events.ccc.de/congress/2009/ 26C3] in Berlin -->
<sup>3</sup> Identifying and reading chips seems to work, but there are [http://tracker.linuxbios.org/trac/LinuxBIOS/ticket/7 reports] that writing may not work on some mainboards.<br />
<sup>4</sup> Untested, but should work.<br />
</small>
</small>


== Installation ==
=== Requirements ===
Flashrom requires the '''libpci''' and '''zlib''' development packages in order to be built.
In Debian unstable the respective packages are called '''libpci-dev''' and '''zlib1g-dev'''.
=== Manual Installation ===


$ svn co svn://linuxbios.org/repos/trunk/LinuxBIOSv2
</td></tr></table>
$ cd LinuxBIOSv2/util/flashrom
$ make
$ make install
=== Debian ===


$ apt-get install flashrom
__NOTOC__
__NOEDITSECTION__

Latest revision as of 22:05, 22 February 2023

flashrom is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices.

  • Supports more than 476 flash chips, 291 chipsets, 500 mainboards, 79 PCI devices, 17 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers.
  • Supports parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI flash interfaces and various chip packages (DIP32, PLCC32, DIP8, SO8/SOIC8, TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48, BGA and more)
  • No physical access needed, root access is sufficient (not needed for some programmers).
  • No bootable floppy disk, bootable CD-ROM or other media needed.
  • No keyboard or monitor needed. Simply reflash remotely via SSH.
  • No instant reboot needed. Reflash your chip in a running system, verify it, be happy. The new firmware will be present next time you boot.
  • Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.
  • Scriptability. Reflash a whole pool of identical machines at the same time from the command line. It is recommended to check flashrom output and error codes.
  • Speed. flashrom is often much faster than most vendor flash tools.
  • Portability. Supports DOS, Linux, FreeBSD (including Debian/kFreeBSD), NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, anything Solaris-like, Mac OS X, and other Unix-like OSes as well as GNU Hurd. Partial Windows support is available (no internal programmer support at the moment, hence no "BIOS flashing").

Emergency help

IMPORTANT: If something went wrong during flashing, do NOT turn off/reboot your computer. Instead, let us help you recover. We can be contacted via IRC (#flashrom on libera.chat, webchat) or email. Please allow for a few hours until someone responds on IRC, we're all volunteers.

X

About
Find out more about flashrom.
News | Press | Testimonials | History | Friendliness | Follow us on Twitter | Open Hub statistics

X

Developers
Get involved! Help us make flashrom better.
Development Guidelines | Browse Source | Pending patches | Technology | Random notes | Easy projects | Board Testing HOWTO | Board Enable | Meeting notes | Windows | libflashrom | [Google Summer of Code]

X

Getting Started
Download flashrom and get started.
Latest release | Supported hardware | Downloads | Documentation | Live CD | qflashrom

X

Support
Learn how to contact us and find help and support.
FAQ | Contact | Donations
News



Retrieved from "https://wiki.flashrom.org/index.php?title=Flashrom&oldid=2550"